| Questionnaire | Target group | Score range and cut-off point |
|---|---|---|
| BES Body Esteem Scale | Children and adults (12-25 years old) | 0-4 points A higher score corresponds to a better self-image |
| CES-D Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale | General | 0-60 |
| CSDD Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia | Dementia patients | 0-38 >8 suggests slight depression >12 suggests moderate/severe depression |
| DOS Delirium Observation Scale | General | 0-3 <3 no delirium ≥3 probable delirium |
| HADS Hospital Anxiety and Depression Subscale | General | 0-21, 7 questions about fear, 7 about depression Fear questions: >8 indicates psychiatric mental health state of fear Depression questions: >8 indicates psychiatric health state of depression |
| GDS (GDS-30/GDS-15/GDS-8) Geriatric Depression Scale (30, 15 or 8 items) | Older adults | 0-30 GDS-30, 0-10 not depressed GDS-30, 11-20 mildly depressed GDS-30, 21-30 severely depressed GDS-15, ≥6 possibly depressed GDS-8, ≥3 possibly depressed |
| MMSE Mini-Mental State Examination | Older adults | 0-30 ≥25, normal cognitive function 21-24 mild cognitive impairment 10-20 moderate cognitive impairment ≤9 severe cognitive impairment |
| PAID Problem Areas in Diabetes score | Diabetes mellitus patients | Available as PAID, PAID-5, and PAID-1 (5-point scale) Domains: emotional problems, treatment-related problems, food-related problems, social network-related problems |
| WHO-5 well-being index | Adults | Five questions to be completed by patient. A high score corresponds to a good mental state of well-being in the past 2 weeks |
| DEBQ Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire | Adults (from age 12 years and older) | Average score of 6 open and 33 closed questions Eating with vague emotions; eating with evident emotions; emotional eating; external eating; restrained eating |
| DEBQ-C Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire Children | Children (7-12 years old) | Average of 20 closed questions |
This table gives an overview of the questionnaires and measurement instruments commonly used to provide an objective view of the psychological status that are relevant for dietitians
